Salt platform

ABSTRACT

A salt platform ( 500 ) is disclosed which incorporates a top member ( 502 ), a bottom member ( 504 ) and a plurality of vertical spacing members ( 506 ). The top member  502  is preferably formed as an integral molding. The bottom member ( 504 ) is preferably identical to the top member ( 502 ). The top surface of the top member ( 502 ) forms a support for the salt grid. A salt grid ( 600 ) is also disclosed which has a series of lips ( 646 ) at the peripheral edge with each lip joining with the rest of the salt grid about a linear hinge line ( 648 ).

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to water softeners using salt, and in particular to a platform for supporting the salt.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Water softeners find wide applications throughout society. In many applications, it is desirable to soften the water by removing the hardness minerals from the water before use. This is particularly critical in boiler operation where use of hard water will create boiler scale and rapidly reduce operating efficiencies.

A common water softening process is to use water softeners designed for this purpose. Water softening tanks contain cation exchange resin capable of exchanging hardness ions, i.e., calcium and magnesium for sodium ions which are very soluble.

When the hardness exchanging capacity of the water softening resin has exhausted it stops producing soft water. It then becomes necessary to regenerate the resin with a saturated solution of sodium or potassium chloride. Because of cost, sodium chloride is usually the chemical of choice.

Sodium chloride brine solution is made in a separate tank built and designed for this purpose, and this tank is called a brine tank.

Modern water softeners are well engineered and designed to produce soft water with all regeneration actions done automatically, including the transfer of the saturated brine from the brine tank to the water softener tanks.

In order for the water softener resin to be properly rejuvenated, the saturated brine solution must be of high quality and a measured volume must be delivered whenever needed.

A properly designed and engineered brine tank will provide these needs by delivering a measured quantity of saturated salt brine containing a fixed amount of dissolved salt per gallon of water.

This is accomplished by using a horizontal salt grid in a vertical tank. The height and diameter of the salt grid varies for each softening system, depending on many factors, but in all cases the height of the salt grid sets the volume of water in the brine tank.

In actual practice, the brine system is set to fill the brine tank with fresh water from the bottom of the tank to approximately 1″ above the salt grid and then shut off.

Using this method, only 1″ of water touches the vertical salt pile, which may be several hundred pounds in weight, stored on top of the salt grid.

This system is called a dry salt shelf system, as opposed to a wet salt brine tank system where most or all the salt is immersed in water. The dry salt shelf system has significant advantages over the wet salt system. The dry salt shelf method produces 100% saturated brine (specific gravity 1.2) all the time where wet salt methods do not. The dry salt shelf system affects more dry salt storage in the same size brine tank than a wet salt system. A dry salt shelf system is easier to keep clean than the wet salt system. A dry salt shelf system does not require a gravel support bed at the bottom of the brine tank. The dry salt shelf system offers lower maintenance costs to the operator, no gravel cleaning or replacement.

The dry salt shelf system has no messy brine float valves as used above the liquid brine on wet salt systems. These float valves become corroded with salt creep and require repair and/or replacement frequently. The dry salt shelf system uses brine float or refill valves in the lower section of the brine tank (below the shelf) and are less exposed to the risk of malfunctions or corrosion, thus operating more efficiently. The dry salt shelf system uses all of the salt stored before the brine tank needs to be refilled. Liquid below the shelf is saturated brine even if only one grain of salt remains on the shelf The brine tank salt refill is less often with the dry salt shelf system because of the greater salt storage capacity it offers. Brine tank corrosion is reduced or eliminated on steel brine tanks with the dry salt shelf system because the liquid level is down below the dry salt, thus less air/brine exposure.

The dry salt shelf system allows more programmed salt delivery scheduling because the salt stored is easily seen and thus the quantity remaining can be easily determined. The dry salt shelf system allows the use of all grades of salt, even the most economical rock type salt. The dry salt shelf type brine system can be cleaned in less than one hour, regardless of size whereas a wet salt tank may take one day and require the water softener to be down.

Dissolving of salt starts immediately and continues until the volume of water beneath the salt grid becomes saturated with dissolved salt. When saturation occurs, dissolving ceases. Stored salt above the salt grid not in contact with the water remains dry, preventing bridging and mushing.

Using a salt grid enables an engineer to calculate the quantity and quality a particular size brine tank will produce. The engineer then is able to select the proper brine tank for the water softener system. It is imperative that the grid and support system be strong to support the mass of weight placed upon it. Until now, salt grids and support systems have usually been made from pegboard. It is readily available and cheap; however, in contact with the salt brine it tends to deform, warp and those portions of the salt grid left unsupported tend to break and collapse, dumping the salt stored on them down into the brine measuring area.

When this occurs, it causes the water softener to malfunction.

The salt grid and support system must be rebuilt, and in time it fails again.

For these reasons, the salt grid and support system could not be used in larger brine tanks.

As the demand increased for larger and larger water softeners, the demand for more saturated brine increased.

In order to provide this requirement, brine tanks increased in size and the pegboard salt grid and support system could not be used as they were not strong enough to hold the weight.

These larger systems were forced to use the less efficient older method of wet storage.

This method consists of loading the brine tank with several hundred pounds of gravel on the bottom. Several hundred pounds of salt is then poured upon the gravel and then adding water until a portion or all of the salt is submerged.

The measuring advantage of the salt grid system is lost.

The salt brine produced by the wet salt storage method is often of poor quality and submerged salt tends to bridge and mush, causing maintenance problems.

The salt Grid plate and support system disclosed herein is strong enough that it may be used in the larger systems.

Again, the engineer can calculate the exact quantity of brine needed by utilizing the salt grid method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a salt platform is provided which includes a top member and a bottom member, preferably identical in configuration. A plurality of vertical spacing members are positioned between the top member and bottom member to form the salt platform. The top member defines a support surface for a salt grid.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present invention and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a salt platform forming a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the salt platform;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the salt platform;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the salt platform;

FIG. 5 is another side view of the salt platform taken from an angle different than FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a salt platform forming a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the salt platform of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the salt platform of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a side view of the salt platform of FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is another side view of the salt platform of FIG. 6 taken from an angle different than FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a top view of the embodiment of FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention with slotted sheets;

FIG. 16 is an exploded view of the embodiment of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a plan view of an improved salt grid for use with the salt platform of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a plan view of an improved salt grid for use with the salt platform forming the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a side view of the improved salt grid;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 20,

FIG. 23 is a detail view of the additional support for the salt grid;

FIG. 24 is a plan view of a salt grid ring;

FIG. 25 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the ring taken along line 25—25 in FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 is a perspective view of a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a partial cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 26;

FIG. 28 is a partial cross-section of a first modification of the embodiment of FIG. 26; and

FIG. 29 is a side view of a modified top member;

FIG. 30 is an exploded view of a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a side view and partial cross section of a portion of the embodiment of FIG. 30;

FIG. 32 is a side view in partial cross section of a portion of a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 30;

FIG. 33 is a top view of the embodiment of FIG. 30;

FIG. 34 is a top view of a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 30; and

FIG. 35 is a side view in partial cross section of a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 30.

FIG. 36 is a plan view of a salt grid forming an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view of the salt grid taken along line 37—37 in FIG. 36;

FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view of the salt grid of FIG. 36 taken along line 38—38;

FIG. 39 is a detail view of a portion “FIG. 39” of the salt grid of FIG. 38;

FIG. 40 is a perspective bottom view of the salt grid of FIG. 36;

FIG. 41 is a perspective top view of the salt grid of FIG. 36; and

FIG. 42 is a cross-section of the periphery of the salt grid of FIG. 36 illustrating a mated lip and skirt.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

With reference now to the accompanying drawings, wherein like or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numeral, and with specific reference to FIGS. 1-5, a salt platform 10 is disclosed which forms a first embodiment of the present invention. The platform will be positioned within a tank containing salt which forms part of a water softener. Frequently, the tank is a stand alone unit which contains only the salt and the platform. Water is then circulated through the tank where sodium chloride is dissolved to substitute for the minerals in the water.

The salt platform 10 can be seen to include a central vertically oriented cylinder 12 and a series of radial vertically oriented cylinders 14-24. Each of the radially oriented cylinders is attached to the central cylinder by a pair of horizontal bracing members 26 and 28. In the preferred embodiment, the cylinders and bracing members are formed of PVC plastic. The cylinder 12 can be six inches in diameter and the cylinders 14-24 four inches in diameter. The bracing members are preferably glued to the cylinders with a commonly available PVC glue such as used in plumbing to join PVC pipe sections together.

The upper end 30 of each of the cylinders can be seen to lie in a common plane 32. A grid 34 is preferably supported on the upper ends of each of the cylinders which, in turn, is in direct contact with the salt supported by the platform. Preferably the grid 34 has a plurality of apertures 36 formed therethrough for easy passage of the water through the salt. In the preferred embodiment, the grid is made out of ABS plastic and is one-quarter inch thick. The grid is cut to a diameter slightly less than the diameter of the tank in which the platform is used. A sufficient number of apertures are then formed through the grid to provide the necessary path for water flow. The apertures can be ⅛″ or ¼″, for example. In one technique, a common sheet of perforated peg board can be laid on top of the grid and used as a pattern to drill the holes through the grid. Clearly, the grid can be molded with the holes in place if this is more economical.

By using a plurality of vertically oriented cylinders, interconnected by bracing members, the load of salt is uniformly supported. It is common for water softeners to employ hundreds of pounds of salt and the platform must be sufficiently strong to support this weight. Because a plurality of vertically oriented members are used, the invention works well regardless of the specific platform height or width that is used. In order to uniformly support the entire weight bearing surface of the salt grid, all of the area which is beneath the salt grid to the bottom of the tank and the sidewall to sidewall is used to support the grid by suitable placement of the vertically oriented members and the horizontal bracing members. The salt platform can be used in tanks having a diameter range of between 18″ and 72″, for example. Moreover, the tanks need not be cylindrical, but can have a square or other cross-section.

Each of the vertically oriented cylinders has a series of holes 49 formed through the wall of the cylinders distributed along its length. These holes 49 allow water to fill the interior of the cylinders relatively early in the filling of the tank so that the platform will not lift or shift position due to buoyancy. Similarly, the holes will permit water to drain from the cylinders as the tank is drained. The hole can be ½″ diameter, for example.

With reference now to FIGS. 6-10, a second embodiment of the present invention is illustrated as salt platform 50. A number of elements of salt platform 50 are identical to that of salt platform 10 and are identified by the same reference numeral. However, in salt platform 50, a second set of radial vertically oriented cylinders 52-62 are distributed at uniform radial distances from the central cylinder 12. Bracing members 64 and 66 are used to secure each of the cylinders 52-62 to two of the adjacent radial cylinders 14-24.

With reference to FIG. 11, a third embodiment of the present invention is illustrated and forms salt platform 80. Again, a number of elements of salt platform 80 are identical to that of salt platform 10 and are identified by the same reference numeral. Salt platform 80 is provided with a second set of radial vertically oriented cylinders 82-92 which are spaced on the same radial lines as the cylinders 14-24. Each of the cylinders 82-92 are connected to adjacent cylinders by radial bracing members 94 and circumferential bracing members 96.

With reference now to FIGS. 12-14, a fourth embodiment of the present invention is illustrated as salt platform 100. Salt platform 100 can be seen to include a series of vertically oriented sheets 102, preferably formed of ABS plastic. The sheets are connected together in a spaced apart relation by a series of horizontal tubes 104, preferably formed of PVC pipe. The tubes 104 pass through suitably formed apertures 106 in the sheets. Holes 108 are formed through the tubes 104 immediately adjacent the surfaces 110 of the sheets to hold the platform together. A bolt 112 or other suitable fastener can be passed through each of the holes and secured therein, as by nut 113 so that the tube is locked in place relative to the sheets. Alternatively, fasteners such as plastic wire ties 115 can be passed through the holes to act in a similar manner. Other suitable fasteners would include clips, pegs, pins, and the like.

The salt platform 100 is positioned within the water softener with the upper edges 114 of the sheets 102 supporting the salt platform. The lower edges 116 rest on the bottom of the water softener tank.

As can be understood, the sheets can be any suitable length to fit the particular tank used. For example, the middle sheet 118 may be longer than the end sheets 120 if the tank is circular. Further, the lower edges 116 of the sheets can be curved in any desired configuration to better fit the contour of the water softener tank. Any number of sheets can be placed side by side by simply lengthening the tubes 104 and providing suitable mounting holes adjacent the position of each sheet.

As can be readily understood, a key part of the invention is the ability to distribute the salt load through a plurality of vertically oriented members distributed relatively uniformly underneath the salt grid. The members need not be circular, however, PVC pipe is commonly available and is inexpensive and forms a very effective member for use in this application. The use of PVC and ABS plastic have the advantage of being very inert to brine and would be expected to have very long service life in this application. However, any other material can be used to form the platform and grid which are strong enough and inert to the brine solution. An example of suitable materials include, but is not limited to, acrylics, plexiglass, fiberglass, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, NORYL®, KEVLAR® and metal structures made impervious to the brine solution by resin or asphalt type coatings.

With reference now to FIGS. 15 and 16, a fifth embodiment of the present invention is illustrated as salt platform 200. Salt platform 200 can be seen to include a series of vertically oriented sheets 202, preferably formed of ABS plastic. Each sheet has a series of slots 204 formed into the sheet from one edge 206. As can be seen in FIG. 16, the sheets can be mated to each other, with the slots of one sheet mating with the slots of another sheet, to form a rigid, self-standing platform, as seen in FIG. 15. Preferably, the slots extend somewhat over one-half of the way from edge 206 to the opposite edges so that, when the sheets are mated, the top edges of the sheets lie in the same plane to uniformly support the grid 34. Also, the bottom edges of the sheets should lie in the same plane if the bottom of the tank is flat to uniformly distribute the load along the bottom of the tank.

While eight sheets are shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, it is clear that any number of sheets can be used. For example, two sheets can be interconnected to form a platform. Three sheets can be mated in a triangular form to form a platform and four or more sheets can be mated to form various configurations. As will be clearly understood, the edges 208 of the slots engage the surface of the mating sheet to form a rigid construction without the use of any fasteners whatsoever.

With reference now to FIG. 17, a grid 250 is illustrated which is intended to form part of the salt platform 10 described previously. The grid is preferably formed of ABS plastic, having a thickness of ⅛ or ¼ inch. The typical pegboard used in previous salt platforms is usually available only in sheets of 4 foot by 8 foot, limiting the size of the grid formed thereby to a 4 foot diameter. ABS plastic sheet is available up to 10 feet square and grids can therefore be made larger than previous designs using peg board. The ABS plastic is much stronger than peg board and is inert in the salt water brine found in brine tanks.

The grid 250 has a circular shape and defines a border portion 252, a first band 254 and a second band 256. The grid also defines a central cap portion 258 and a series of radial cap portions 260-270. The remaining portion 272 of the grid has a plurality of small holes 274 drilled therethrough for water to pass and mix with salt supported on the grid.

The grid 250 is designed to be set atop the central vertically oriented cylinder 12 and the radial vertically oriented cylinders 14-24. The upper ends 30 of each of the cylinders need not be closed off as the grid 250 is oriented relative to the cylinders 12-24 so that the central cap portion 258 rests atop the upper end of the central vertically oriented cylinder 12 and each of the radial cap portions 260-270 rest atop one of the radial vertically oriented cylinders 14-24. Thus, the labor necessary in individually installing a cap at the upper end of each of the cylinders is eliminated. By capping the cylinders 12-24, debris is prevented from entering the interior of the cylinders.

The use of a border portion 252, which, for a grid having a 50 inch diameter, might be 2 inches wide, and the bands 254 and 256, which, for a 50 inch diameter grid may be about 4 inches in width, provides great structural strength even though the portion 272 is formed with a plurality of holes therein.

To correspond with the dimensions previously recited for the cylinders 12-24, the radial cap portion 258 will be at least 6 inches in diameter if cylinder 12 is 6 inches in diameter and the radial cap portions 260-270 will be at least 4 inches in diameter if the cylinders 14-24 are 4 inches in diameter. Grid 250 is intended to be a direct substitute for the grid 34 previously described.

The grid 250 has a well opening 276 formed therethrough near the circumferential edge 278 thereof. Clearly, the grid 250 can be adapted for use with the salt platform 50 or salt platform 80 described above with sufficient cap portions to fit over the upper ends of the vertical cylinders thereof

If desired, the grid 250 can be formed with the entire grid being like portion 272 with holes 274 formed uniformly therethrough about the entire grid. This might be a suitable universal design for use in salt platforms of types other than those described above.

Alternatively, a grid 280 of the type shown in FIG. 18 can be used. Grid 18 incorporates border portion 252 and first and second bands 254 and 256, central cap portion 258 and the well opening 276. However, no radial cap portions are provided and the remaining portion 282 between the bands 254 and 256 and portions 252 and 258 are formed with uniformly distributed holes 274 therein. Again, the use of portions 252 and 258 and bands 254 and 256 provide great strength to the grid while sufficient holes 274 are formed through the grid for it to work effectively in the brine tank.

The well opening typically will be about 3½ inches to 6¼ inches. Grids are typically cut for new tanks to fit. Large brine tanks have a variance in diameter and it is best to fit the grid at the shop to give a snug fit as the tank diameter varies slightly from tank to tank. Retrofitting grids in existing large or brine tanks that have been in service for some time may dictate cutting the grid to dimensions less than that to which the brine tank was originally designed as time and service may have caused the tanks to be warped out of round.

Using grids of the type described herein, forming a grid for a brine tank having a diameter of 50 inches or larger is possible. This size tank has never been able to be fitted with a grid formed of peg board in the past because of size limitations in the material available. Because of variation in tank size, the border portion 252 is useful, permitting portions of the border to be cut away to fit a particular tank without cutting through any of the holes 274 formed in the grid.

Another variation is to form a spacer ring 290 of a diameter somewhat larger than the diameter of the grid and an inner diameter somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the border portion 252. The grid 250 or 280 is then cut to a diameter somewhat less than the diameter of the tank and the spacer ring is inserted in the tank on top of the grid with the outer diameter of the spacer ring approximating the diameter of the brine tank. The spacer ring can move about somewhat on the top of the grid 250 or 280 and then be secured to the grid by fasteners, such as wire ties, to prevent salt from slipping between the grid edges and the wall of the brine tank. Such a spacer ring 290 is illustrated in FIG. 19.

With reference now to FIGS. 20-22, a modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention is illustrated as salt platform 300. Many elements of salt platform 300 are identical to that of salt platform 100 and are identified by the same reference numeral. Salt platform 300 differs from platform 100 in the use of spacer tubes 302 which are slid over and concentric with the tubes 104 between each of the sheets 102. This eliminates the need to have bolts or ties except at the ends of the tubes 104. The length of the spacer tubes 302 is selected to represent the desired separation between each of the sheets 102 and, when the salt platform is assembled and bolts or ties 112 or 115 are inserted through the holes 108 at the ends of each of the tubes 104, the sheets 102 are held in the proper spacing by the spacer tubes 302. The spacer tubes 302 have a larger diameter than the apertures 106 formed through the sheets 102 and have a sufficiently large inner diameter to fit over the tubes 104, preferably in a slip fit.

As illustrated in FIG. 21, the use of the spacer tubes 302 also provides an additional advantage with the top row of tubes 104. The apertures 106 near the upper edge 114 of each of the sheets 102 are formed sufficiently close to the edge so that the upper surface 304 of the spacer tubes 302 proximate the upper edge are substantially coplanar with the edges 114. This provides additional support for the grid 34 laid atop the salt platform. Preferably, the apertures 106 in the top row are formed through the sheets 102 with the distance from the upper edge of each aperture to the upper edge 114 equal to the thickness of the spacer tube 302.

The parts of salt platform 300, particularly spacer tubes 302, can be made of PVC plastic. However, other materials can be used, including, but not limited to, acrylics, plexiglass, fiberglass, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, NORYL®, KEVLAR® and metal structures made impervious to the brine solution by resin or asphalt type coatings.

An additional feature of salt platform 300 is shown in FIG. 23. A hole 310 is formed at the end of the top row of tubes which project a significant distance beyond the outer most sheets 102. This includes the tubes 104 passing through the center portion of the sheets 102 where there is a large distance from the outermost sheets 102 to the inner surface of the brine tank. The salt grid 34 is only supported by the sheets 102 and the spacer tubes 302 between the sheets, not outside the limits of the sheets 102. These holes 108 can receive a bolt 306 which has a head 308 of thickness sufficient so that the grid 34 is in contact with the head 308 of the bolt 306, which provides support for the salt grid 34 near its edges 312 most distant from the sheets 102. Bolt 306 can be of PVC, or other suitable material as noted above.

In one embodiment constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, the head of the nut is about one-eighth inch thick and the distance from the top of the apertures 106 to the upper edges 114 is about one-eighth inch. The wall thickness of tubes 302 is also about one-quarter inch.

With reference now to FIGS. 24 and 25, a ring 350 is illustrated which is used to fit the salt grid 34 in a brine tank. The ring is split therethrough at split 380 similar to a piston ring to allow the outer circumference of the ring to vary somewhat. The ring is made of a material which provides some flexibility, such as neoprene. The brine tanks in service rarely are perfectly round. Therefore, if the salt grid is formed as a circle, there will often be gaps between the edge 312 of the salt grid and the inner wall of the brine tank due to this irregularity, allowing salt to fall through these gaps. The ring 350 is designed to accommodate this variation in brine tank wall dimensions. The ring 350 has an outer surface 352 which engages the inner wall of the brine tank. The ring 350 has an inner surface 354 which is formed in a series of cut back steps 356 which causes the top surface 358 of the ring to be much larger than the bottom surface 360. These steps 356 form a series of ledges 362, 364, 366 and 368 which can each support the edge 312 of the salt grid 34 depending upon the size of the gap between the edge of the salt grid and the interior surface of the brine tank.

During installation, the ring 350 is wrapped or fit about the edge of the salt grid so that the edge rests on one of the ledges 362-368. An effort is then made to place the ring 350 and salt grid 354 within the brine tank. If the fit is too tight, the ring is repositioned on the salt grid on a lower ledge until the ring 350 and salt grid 34 fit properly in the brine tank. If there is too much of a gap still between the outer surface 352 of the ring 350 and the inner wall of the brine tank, the ring 350 is repositioned on the salt grid with the edge of the salt grid at a higher ledge. When the ring 350 is properly positioned on the salt grid 34, there should be a snug fit between the salt grid, ring 350 and inner surface of the brine tank which prevents salt on the salt grid from inadvertently falling between the edge of the salt grid and the inner surface of the brine tank, as well as acting to true the diameter of the brine tank to some extent.

Ring 350 can also be made of PVC or ABS plastic. However, other materials can be used, including, but not limited to, acrylics, plexiglass, fiberglass, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, NORYL®, KEVLAR® and metal structures made impervious to the brine solution by resin or asphalt type coatings.

With reference now to FIGS. 26-29, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described which is embodied by salt platform 400. As seen in FIG. 26, the salt platform 400 includes a top member 402 and a bottom member 404 spaced apart by a spacing member 406. A plurality of bracing member assemblies 408 extend radially outward from the members 402, 404 and 406 to further define the salt platform 400. Any of the grids previously mentioned, including grids 34, 250 and 280, can be used on salt platform 400, as desired.

The top member 402 and bottom member 404 are substantially similar and can be identical to reduce part requirements. Both the top member 402 and bottom member 404 are formed in a cylindrical shape defining an outer cylindrical surface 410. The surface 410 is concentric with the center axis 412 of the member. A plurality of pipe receiving apertures 414 are defined through the outer cylindrical surface 410 at an annular separation dependent upon the number of apertures 414 desired. Generally, the apertures 414 are formed by drilling an annular groove 416 into the outer cylindrical surface 410 centered on an axis which intersects the center axis 412 of the member. Alternatively, they can be molded into members 402 and 404. Formation of the annular groove 416 defines a cylindrical plug 418 which is concentric with the groove 416. Alternatively, apertures 414 can be formed as a simple circular hole 417 by drilling through the entire thickness of top or bottom member 402 and 404, as illustrated in FIG. 28. Holes 417 can alternatively be molded into member 402 and 404.

Each of the bracing member assemblies 408 is formed by a top horizontal pipe 420, a bottom horizontal pipe 422, a vertical pipe 424 and a pair of pipe elbows 426. As can be seen in the figures, the inner end of the top horizontal pipe 420 is received in a pipe receiving aperture 414 in the top member 402 while the inner end of the bottom horizontal pipe 422 is received in the pipe receiving aperture 414 of the bottom member 404 directly below. The elbows 426 secure the vertical pipe 424 between the outer ends of the top horizontal pipe 420 and bottom horizontal pipe 422. The pipes 420 and 422 are sized so that the inner end thereof will fit within the angular groove 416 and about the cylindrical plug 418. The pipes 420 and 422 can be secured to the top and bottom members 402 and 404 by adhesive, fasteners (such as screws, bolts or staples), an interference fit, or other suitable attachment mechanism. The elbows 426 can be secured to the ends of pipes 420, 422 and 424 by similar mechanisms. In fact, the pipe elbows 426 need not even be secured to the ends of all the pipes 420, 422 or 424. For example, pipe 424 can be unsecured in elbows 426 and be held in place if pipe 424 has a length that exceeds the separation of the facing ends of the elbows 426.

Preferably, the top surface 428 of the top member 402 and the top surfaces 430 of the top pipe elbows 426 between pipes 420 and 424 lie in a single plane 432. The grid 34, 250 or 280 can be laid on top of the surfaces 428 and 430 in the plane 432 and supported thereby by the salt platform 400. Similarly, the bottom surface 434 of bottom member 404 and the bottom surfaces 436 of the bottom pipe elbows 426 can be arranged in a single plane or multiple planes as necessary to be supported on the bottom of the salt tank.

While the salt platform 400 as described previously with only members 402 and 404 and assemblies 408 would be operable, it is preferred to also incorporate the spacing member 406 secured between the top member 402 and 404 to provide proper vertical spacing between the members 402 and 404. As seen in FIG. 27, the top and bottom members may have a ring shape which define a first cylindrical inner surface 438 and a second cylindrical inner surface 440 of slightly different diameters to define a horizontal ledge 442. The ends of the spacing member 406 can abut these ledges. Spacing member 406 can be secured to members 402 and 404 by adhesive, fasteners, or other securing mechanism.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 28, the bottom surface 444 of the top member 402 and the top surface 446 of the bottom member 404 can have a groove 448 formed therein to receive the ends of the spacing member 406. Again, the spacing member 406 can be secured to the top and bottom members 402 and 404 by adhesive, fasteners or other fastening mechanisms.

The top member 402 and bottom member 404 can be formed of a solid cylindrical block 490 as seen in FIG. 29. The spacing member 406 can engage the solid cylindrical block 490 by forming a groove 452 in the abutting surface of the solid cylindrical block similar to groove 448 (as shown by the bottom member in FIG. 29), by contacting the surface, or by permitting a portion of the outer cylindrical surface of the solid cylindrical block to be received in the ends of the spacing member 406 if the spacing member 406 is formed in a tube configuration of sufficiently large inner diameter as seen in the top member in FIG. 29 by forming a shoulder 454 in the spacing member 406 which receives a portion of the block 490.

As can be understood, any number of bracing member assemblies 408 can be utilized, determined by the size and configuration and weight bearing capacity of the salt platform 400. Further, the length of the top and bottom horizontal pipes 420 and 422 will determine the diameter of the brine tank in which the salt platform 400 can be used. The length of the spacing member 406 and the vertical pipes 424 will determine the vertical distance between the top member 402 and bottom member 404 for a particular application. The material of salt platform 400 is preferably PVC. Regular scheduled 40 PVC pipe can be used, although schedule 80 and 120 pipe would also be suitable.

In salt platforms constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, horizontal pipes 420 and 422 of diameter between ½″ to 1″ have been used. The angular groove 416 has been formed in the top member 402 such that the uppermost point of the angular groove 416 is about ⅛″ below the top surface 428 of the top member 402, coplanar with the top surface 430 of the top elbows 426. Salt platforms 400 have been constructed which are designed to fit within 50″ diameter brine tanks.

A top member 402 and bottom member 404 have been made out of 4½″ OD schedule 120 PVC. Nine pipe receiving apertures 414 were formed in that PVC member at angular separations of 40 degrees about axis 412. A top member 402 and bottom member 404 have been formed of 4″ PVC schedule 120 pipe. Ten pipe receiving apertures 414 were formed therein at an angular separation of 36 degrees. The first cylindrical inner surface diameter 438 was 3¼″ while the second cylindrical inner surface diameter 440 was 3⅛″, providing a {fraction (1/16)}″ wide ledge 442 therebetween. Preferably, top and bottom members 402 and 404 6″ or larger in diameter would be made of a solid cylindrical block. In one salt platform 400 constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, the spacing member 406 was about 15″ long, providing a separation of about 15″ between the top member 402 and the bottom member 404.

With reference now to FIGS. 30-35, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described which is embodied by salt platform 500. As seen in FIG. 30, the salt platform 500 includes a top member 502, a bottom member 504 and a plurality of vertical spacing members 506. Any of the grids previously mentioned, including grids 34, 250 and 280, can be used on the salt platform 500, as desired. The top member 502 and bottom member 504 are preferably formed of identical shape, providing interchangeability and reduction of parts requirements. More specifically, the top and bottom members 502 and 504 are molded in an integral shape as will be described in greater detail.

The details of the top member 502 will now be described. The bottom member 504 will be identical and is utilized as a mirror image of the top member, being installed so that identical sides of the top and bottom members are facing each other. The top member 502 includes a central hub 507 from which extend a series of radial arms 508. At their radially outward end, distant from the central hub 507, the arms 508 are secured to radial hubs 510. An inner circumferential element 512 joins the arms 508 between the central hub 507 and radial hubs 510 while an outer circumferential element 514 joins the radial hubs 510 and the radially outer ends of the arms 508 at the outer circumference of the top member 502. A well opening 600 can be formed in the outer circumferential 514 between two radial hubs 510 as seen in FIG. 33, with a short reinforcing section 602 connecting elements 512 and 514 for reinforcement.

With reference to FIG. 31, the top member 502 is preferably molded to define a planer surface 516 on which the salt grid is placed. Surface 516 is formed by the upper surface 518 of central hub 507, upper surface 520 of the radial hubs 510, the upper surface 522 of the arms 508 and upper surface 524 of the elements 512 and 514. This provides maximum support for the salt grid across its width.

As can be seen in FIG. 31, each hub 507 and 510 has a downwardly facing cylindrical opening 526. The opening 526 is sized to receive the end of the vertical spacing members 506, which can be simple PVC pipe sections. The top 528 of each vertical spacing member 506 will abut against the lower surface 530 of the cylindrical opening 526.

As noted previously, the top member 502 and bottom member 504 are each preferably molded in a unitary fashion and are identical to each other. The bottom member 504 will simply receive the bottom end of the vertical spacing members 506 and the bottom end 532 of the vertical spacing members 506 will contact the surface 530 of the bottom member 504. The members 502 and 504 can be formed of many materials, such as polyethelene, etc.

As can be seen in FIG. 30, the members 502 and 504, and spacing members 506 form a salt platform with sufficient rigidity to support the salt grid and salt thereon. However, only two types of components are necessary to form the salt platform 500, namely a pair of members to form the top member and bottom member and a desired number of vertical spacing members 506. The center spacing member 506′ can be the same diameter as the other spacing members 506, or larger, as shown in FIGS. 30 and 31. Of course, the central hub 507 would be larger than hubs 510 if spacing member 506′ is larger than the other spacing members 506.

With reference now to FIG. 32, a top member 540 forming a first modification of the salt platform 500 is illustrated. The top member 540 is identical to the top member 502 with the exception that the central hub 542 and radial hubs 544 thereof have an outer stepped cylindrical configuration which defines a cylindrical side surface 546 and an annular end 548. The vertical spacing members 506, which are tubes, are sized to fit about the stepped cylindrical configuration as shown with the upper end 528 of the vertical spacing members 506 abutting the annular end 548 and being supported by the side surfaces 546. The bottom member used with top member 540 can have the identical configuration to top member 540. Again, both the top member 540 and its associated bottom member are each preferably integrally molded in a single piece. If desired, the inner circumferential element 512 can be deleted from members 502, 504 and 540.

With reference to FIGS. 34 and 35, a top member 560 forming another modification of the top member 502 is illustrated. In top member 560, the member is not integrally molded. The top member 560 is formed of a series of individual components, either glued, press fit, or otherwise secured together, to form the top member. These components include a central hub 582, a plurality of radial hubs 584, radially spokes 586 and circumferential spokes 588. The central hub 582 and radial hubs 584 both define reinforced sockets 590 thereon to receive the ends of the spokes 586 and 588 to form the configuration of top member 560 as shown. The spokes, as noted, can be glued, press fit or otherwise fastened within the sockets 590 to form the complete top member. The spokes 586 and 588 can, for example, be formed of rods having a diameter between about {fraction (5/32)}nds inch and ¼ inch. If desired, an inner circumferential element can be added to member 560.

With reference now to FIGS. 36-41, a salt grid 600, forming an eighth embodiment of the present invention, will be described. The salt grid 600 is preferably a molded unitary piece, preferably molded of either polypropylene or polyethylene. The design illustrated is for a 24″ salt tank. However, it is believed that designs of this type can be molded as a unitary piece to as large of 39″ in diameter, or more. It is not believed that any salt grid 30 inches or more in diameter has ever been molded as a unitary piece. Alternatively, salt grid 600 could be molded in two or more pieces and then assembled to form the the salt grid. If molded in two or more pieces, molding dovetail connections into the pieces that mate with each other when the salt grid is assembled are preferred.

The salt grid 600 is formed with a circular platform 602 having a plurality of apertures 604 formed therethrough. Twelve radial reinforcing ribs 606 A-L are formed with platform 602 and extend radially outwardly from a center leg socket 608 to the outer periphery of the grid 600. Alternate ribs 606 (606 B, D, F, H, J, L) are molded near the outer periphery with leg sockets 610 A-F. The leg sockets 610 are adapted to receive vertical legs, such as PVC pipe, to support the salt grid 600 above the bottom of the salt tank.

Circumferential ribs 612 and 614 are formed in the grid 600 and are concentric with the leg socket 608 to provide additional support. Circumferential rib 614 is formed integrally with leg sockets 610 A-F also, to provide support for the leg sockets.

Formed in the platform 602 between leg sockets 610A and 610F is a 6″ well opening knockout 616. As can be seen, the knockout 616 has a series of radially spaced circumferential apertures 618-626, allowing an installer to cutout the center portion of the knockout 616 within a selected circumference of apertures to form a well opening of a desired diameter. By cutting through the apertures 626, a 6″ diameter well opening is provided.

Similarly, a 4″ well knockout 628 is provided between radial ribs 606H and J, and where radial rib 614I ends. The 4″ well knockout 628 has a series of circular apertures 630, 632 and 634, at different radius, to allow a center part of the 4″ well knockout 628 to be cutout, up to 4″, for a well opening.

Similarly, a 3″ well knockout 636 is formed between ribs 606D and F, and where rib 606E ends. The knockout 636 also has circular holes 638, 640 and 642, permitting all or part of the knockout 636 to be cutout to form a well opening up to 3″ in diameter.

The peripheral edge of the salt grid 600 ends in a series of mated downwardly directed skirts 644 and outwardly extending lips 646 as illustrated in FIGS. 39 and 42. Each skirt 644 is free to move relative the adjacent skirts 644 where they abut along edges 680. Similarly, each lip 646 mated to a skirt 644 is free to move relative the adjacent lips 646 where they abut along edges 682. If desired, salt grid 600 can be molded with a slight gap between facing edges 680 of adjacent skirts 644 and a slight gap between facing edges 682 of adjacent lips 646 to ensure no interference. Each lip 646 engages the interior wall of the salt tank to form a seal to prevent salt from falling past the edge of the salt grid. The inner end of each lip 646, where it joins with the skirt 644, forms a linear hinge line 648. This permits the lip 646 to pivot relative the skirt 644 to engage the inner wall of the salt tank without excessive fatigue failure. Forming hinge line 648 permits the necessary motion of the lip 646 to accommodate the variation in the wall dimensions and noncircular configuration of the typical salt tank, while reducing the possibility of fatigue failure as the salt grid is removed and reinstalled repeatedly in the salt tank. The use of downwardly directed skirts 644 mated with each lip 646 adds greater structural shape to the hinge line 648, enhancing the service life of the salt grid. The inner end of the lips 646 preferably has a cutout of radius R to reduce the thickness of the lips 646 at hinge line 648. Also, the outer edge 684 of lips 646 is preferably tapered to facilitate bending about hinge line 648 as the salt grid is inserted in the tank.

With reference to FIGS. 36 and 40, the leg sockets 608 and 610 can be seen to include four ribs 660 formed in the interior thereof to help center the PVC pipes or other legs within the socket 608 and 610. Preferably, the rims 650 of the ribs 660 are tapered to permit easier insertion of a vertical leg therein. Also, a cruciform 662 is formed at the bottom of each of the sockets 608 and 610 which extends up from the bottom a significant portion of the depth of the sockets and which has dimensions slightly less than the interior diameter of the PVC pipe leg to be used. The PVC pipe is thus centered correctly between the ribs 660 and inserted over cruciform 662 within each leg socket to form a secure fit.

A significant advantage of the present salt grid 600 is the ability to mold the salt grid 600 in a single piece. This reduces cost and increases efficiency. By using knockouts 616, 628 and 636, the user has significant flexibility in selecting the position and size of the aperture through the salt grid needed in a particular salt tank.

In one grid constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, the grid was adapted for use in a salt tank of 24″ interior diameter. Each lip 646 is tapered at its outer edge 684 an angle e of 30° and has a radius R of about 0.5 inches where it emerges into the inner edge 648 forming the hinge.

In a 30″ diameter design, it is preferable to have two 6″ well knockouts, as positioned between ribs 606B and L and 606D and F. No 4″ or 3″ knockouts would be necessary.

The leg sockets 608 and 610 would be about 4″ deep. Although several embodiments of the invention have been illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the foregoing detailed description, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed, but is capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications and substitutions of parts and elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A salt platform, comprising: a member forming a salt grid, the member having a center hub, a plurality of radially extending arms, a plurality of radial hubs and a circumferential element secured to said radial hubs, said center hub and radial hubs each for receiving a vertical support member and wherein each of said center hub and said radial hubs define a stepped cylindrical extension defining a cylindrical side surface and an annular end to receive the vertical support members.
 2. The salt platform of claim 1 wherein the member is a top member, said salt platform further having a bottom member having a center hub, a plurality of radially extending arms, a plurality of radial hubs and a circumferential element secured to said radial hubs, said center hub and radial hubs each for receiving a vertical support member.
 3. The salt platform of claim 2 further comprising a plurality of vertical support members secured between the center and radial hubs of said top member and said bottom member.
 4. The salt platform of claim 1 wherein the center hub and radial hubs each define a cylindrical socket for receiving said vertical support members.
 5. The salt platform of claim 1 wherein the member further has an inner circumferential element secured to said arms between said center hub and said radial hubs.
 6. The salt platform of claim 1 wherein said center hub, said radially extending arms, said circumferential element and said plurality of radial hubs each define a top surface, the top surfaces lying in a single plane.
 7. The salt platform of claim 1 wherein said center hub and said plurality of radial hubs define sockets, said arms having ends received in said sockets.
 8. The salt platform of claim 1 wherein the member is integrally formed.
 9. The salt platform of claim 1 wherein the member is formed of polyethelene.
 10. The salt platform of claim 1 wherein the member is a molded member.
 11. The salt platform of claim 1 wherein the member is a fabricated member.
 12. An apparatus for use in a salt tank of a water softener, comprising: a salt grid having a circumferential edge, a plurality of apertures therethrough and a plurality of lips formed at the circumferential edge thereof, each lip being joined with the remainder of the salt grid along a linear hinge line.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12 further having a skirt mated with each of said lips to reinforce the hinge line.
 14. The apparatus of claim 12 further comprising a plurality of leg sockets formed in the salt grid.
 15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein each leg socket has a plurality of ribs and a cruciform.
 16. An apparatus for use in a salt tank of a water softener, comprising: a salt grid having a plurality of apertures therethrough and a plurality of lips formed at the circumferential edge thereof, each lip being joined with the remainder of the salt grid along a linear hinge line, the salt grid having at least one cutout, said cutout having a plurality of circumferential holes at different radii to permit selecting the diameter of the cutout.
 17. The apparatus of claim 12 further comprising a plurality of radial ribs extending from a center of the salt grid to proximate the circumferential edge of the salt grid.
 18. The apparatus of claim 12 further having a plurality of circumferential ribs.
 19. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the salt grid is 24 inches in diameter.
 20. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the salt grid is 30 inches in diameter.
 21. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the salt grid is 39 inches in diameter.
 22. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the salt grid has a predetermined diameter.
 23. The apparatus of claim 12 having at least one cutout.
 24. The apparatus of claim 12 having at least two cutouts.
 25. The apparatus of claim 24 wherein said at least two cutouts are of different size.
 26. An apparatus for use in a salt tank of a water softener, comprising: a salt grid having a plurality of apertures therethrough and a plurality of lips formed at the circumferential edge thereof, each lip being joined with the remainder of the salt grid along a linear hinge line, the apparatus having at least one cutout, said at least one cutout having a plurality of radially spaced apertures to permit selection of different sized passages in the said at least one cutout.
 27. The apparatus of claim 12 further having three cutouts formed therein, a three inch, a four inch and a six inch cutout.
 28. The apparatus of claim 12 formed of polyethelene.
 29. The apparatus of claim 12 formed by polypropylene.
 30. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the salt grid is a unitary molding.
 31. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the salt grid is multiple pieces.
 32. The salt platform of claim 1 wherein the center and radial hubs form leg sockets, each leg socket having a plurality of ribs and a cruciform.
 33. The salt platform of claim 32 wherein the ribs each have a rim tapered to permit easier insertion of a vertical support member.
 34. An apparatus for use in a salt tank of a water softener, comprising: a unitary molded salt grid having a plurality of apertures therethrough and at least one cutout, said at least one cutout having a plurality of radially spaced apertures to permit selection of different sized passages in the said at least one cutout. 